Canada has long been a destination for immigrants seeking better opportunities and a higher quality of life.
But the recent trend shows that many immigrants are moving back, reversing the traditional flow of migration which is becoming more common for new immigrants.
This phenomenon, known as reverse immigration, is driven by several factors that are prompting many to reconsider their decision to settle in Canada.
Economic Challenges
The Canadian dream is currently failing to deliver on its promise of a better life for new immigrants, and some may even regret coming here in the first place.
One of the primary reasons for reverse immigration is the economic challenges that new immigrants face in Canada.
While Canada is known for its strong economy, the reality for many immigrants is that securing well-paying jobs that match their qualifications can be difficult. Many immigrants find themselves in survival jobs that are far below their skill level, leading to financial strain and dissatisfaction.
The high cost of living in major Canadian cities exacerbates this issue, making it hard for new immigrants to achieve the financial stability they hoped for.
Immigrants frequently anticipate finding employment that fits their background and skills, especially those with higher degrees and professional experience. Immigrants frequently anticipate finding employment that fits their background and skills, especially those with higher degrees and professional experience.
Case study
Balkar, 28 years old, a new student who migrated to Canada, left Toronto after barely a year and came back in early 2023. When he fled his small village of Pitho during the COVID-19 outbreak, being a citizen was his ultimate aim. In order to pay for his education, his family mortgaged their farm.
“Everything was so expensive. I had to work 50 hours every week after college, just to survive,” he said in an interview. “High inflation is making many students leave their studies.”
“I have a good life here. Why should I face hardships there when I can live at home and make good money?” he asks.
Employment Barriers
Another significant factor contributing to reverse immigration is the difficulty in having foreign credentials recognized in Canada. Many skilled immigrants arrive in Canada with qualifications and experience that are not readily recognized by Canadian employers.
This leads to underemployment, where highly educated and experienced professionals end up working in low-skilled jobs. it creates a catch-22 cycle where immigrants cannot get Canadian work experience because they cannot find a job, and they cannot find a job because they lack Canadian work experience
Many highly trained immigrants, such as engineers, doctors, and other professionals, discover that Canadian businesses and regulatory agencies do not accept their qualifications.
The lengthy and costly process of getting credentials recognized can be discouraging, forcing some immigrants to return to their home countries where their skills and qualifications are more valued.
Housing Affordability and Cost of Living
The skyrocketing cost of housing in Canada, particularly in cities like Toronto and Vancouver, is another factor driving reverse immigration. The dream of homeownership becomes unattainable for many immigrants due to high real estate prices and the competitive rental market.
Coupled with the overall high cost of living, including expenses such as healthcare, childcare, and transportation, many immigrants find that their financial situation is not sustainable in Canada.
Case study
Justinas Stankus, an international student from Lithuania, who is studying in Toronto, well said “It’s immediately clear that the prices are very high,”. “There’s just not too much that is affordable.”
Discrimination in the Canadian Job Market: A Persistent Barrier
Despite Canada’s reputation for inclusivity, many immigrants still face significant challenges in the job market due to discrimination and bias. This can arise from unconscious biases, stereotypes, or systemic issues, leading to barriers in hiring, career progression, and workplace integration. Immigrants often experience discrimination in various ways, such as being overlooked for positions, offered lower wages, or passed over for promotions, which hinders their professional growth and economic stability in Canada.
As Canada grapples with its ambitious immigration targets, concerns are mounting about the country’s ability to accommodate the growing population. A recent report from economists at the National Bank of Canada highlighted the strain on the housing market and healthcare system, driven by a population surge of 1.2 million in 2023, mostly due to immigration. The report suggests slowing population growth to around 500,000 annually to maintain or improve living standards. Policymakers seem to be acknowledging these concerns, reflecting a possible shift in immigration strategies.
Reverse immigration is a complex issue that highlights the challenges faced by new immigrants in Canada. While Canada continues to attract immigrants from around the world, it is important to address the underlying factors driving reverse immigration to ensure that Canada remains a welcoming and supportive destination for newcomers. By addressing issues such as credential recognition, economic opportunities, and social integration, Canada can better support its immigrant population and reduce the trend of reverse immigration.
